7 Classifications
7.1 Socio-economic Groups
Classification of Socio-economic Groups 1989
Code | Heading |
3 | Upper-level employees with administrative, managerial, professional and related occupations |
31 | Senior officials and upper management |
32 | Senior officials and employees in research and planning |
33 | Senior officials and employees in education and training |
34 | Other senior officials and employees |
4 | Lower-level employees with administrative and clerical occupations |
41 | Supervisors |
42 | Clerical and sales workers, independent work |
43 | Clerical and sales workers, routine work |
44 | Other lower-level employees with administrative and clerical occupations |
5 | Manual workers |
51 | Workers in agriculture, forestry and commercial fishing |
52 | Manufacturing workers |
53 | Other production workers |
54 | Distribution and service workers |
From 2011 onwards, the socio-economic groups are based on the new Classification of Occupations 2010. Data are not fully comparable with earlier data starting from 2011. Further information http://tilastokeskus.fi/til/tyti/tyti_2012-03-09_uut_001_en.html .
7.2 Standard Industrial Classification
Standard Industrial Classification TOL 2008
Code | Heading |
Industries total | |
A | Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
01 | Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities |
02 | Forestry and logging |
3 | Fishing and aquaculture |
B | Mining and quarrying |
5 | Mining of coal and lignite |
6 | Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas |
7 | Mining of metal ores |
8 | Other mining and quarrying |
9 | Mining support service activities |
C | Manufacturing |
10 | Manufacture of food products |
11 | Manufacture of beverages |
12 | Manufacture of tobacco products |
13 | Manufacture of textiles |
14 | Manufacture of wearing apparel |
15 | Manufacture of leather and related products |
16 | Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials |
17 | Manufacture of paper and paper products |
18 | Printing and reproduction of recorded media |
19 | Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products |
20 | Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products |
21 | Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations |
22 | Manufacture of rubber and plastic products |
23 | Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products |
24 | Manufacture of basic metals |
25 | Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment |
26 | Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products |
27 | Manufacture of electrical equipment |
28 | Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. |
29 | Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers |
30 | Manufacture of other transport equipment |
31 | Manufacture of furniture |
32 | Other manufacturing |
33 | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment |
D | Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply |
35 | Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply |
E | Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities |
36 | Water collection, treatment and supply |
37 | Sewerage |
38 | Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery |
39 | Remediation activities and other waste management services |
Code | Heading |
F | Construction |
41 | Construction of buildings |
42 | Civil engineering |
43 | Specialised construction activities |
G | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles |
45 | Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles |
46 | Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles |
47 | Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles |
H | Transportation and storage |
49 | Land transport and transport via pipelines |
50 | Water transport |
51 | Air transport |
52 | Warehousing and support activities for transportation |
53 | Postal and courier activities |
I | Accommodation and food service activities |
55 | Accommodation |
56 | Food and beverage service activities |
J | Information and communication |
58 | Publishing activities |
59 | Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities |
60 | Programming and broadcasting activities |
61 | Telecommunications |
62 | Computer programming, consultancy and related activities |
63 | Information service activities |
K | Financial and insurance activities |
64 | Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding |
65 | Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security |
66 | Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities |
L | Real estate activities |
68 | Real estate activities |
M | Professional, scientific and technical activities |
69 | Legal and accounting activities |
70 | Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities |
71 | Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis |
72 | Scientific research and development |
73 | Advertising and market research |
74 | Other professional, scientific and technical activities |
75 | Veterinary activities |
N | Administrative and support service activities |
77 | Rental and leasing activities |
78 | Employment activities |
79 | Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service and related activities |
80 | Security and investigation activities |
81 | Services to buildings and landscape activities |
82 | Office administrative, office support and other business support activities |
O | Public administration and defence; compulsory social security |
84 | Public administration and defence; compulsory social security |
P | Education |
85 | Education |
Q | Human health and social work activities |
86 | Human health activities |
87 | Residential care activities |
88 | Social work activities without accommodation |
R | Arts, entertainment and recreation |
90 | Creative, arts and entertainment activities |
91 | Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities |
92 | Gambling and betting activities |
93 | Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities |
S | Other service activities |
94 | Activities of membership organisations |
95 | Repair of computers and personal and household goods |
96 | Other personal service activities |
T | Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use |
97 | Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel |
98 | Undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of private households for own use |
U | Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies |
99 | Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies |
X | Industry unknown |
00 | Industry unknown |
7.3 Classification of Occupations
Classification of Occupations 2010
Code | Heading |
Occupations total | |
1 | Managers |
11 | Chief executives, senior officials and legislators |
12 | Administrative and commercial managers |
13 | Production and specialised services managers |
14 | Hospitality, retail and other services managers |
2 | Professionals |
21 | Science and engineering professionals |
22 | Health professionals |
23 | Teaching professionals |
24 | Business and administration professionals |
25 | Information and communications technology professionals |
26 | Legal, social and cultural professionals |
3 | Technicians and associate professionals |
31 | Science and engineering associate professionals |
32 | Health associate professionals |
33 | Business and administration associate professionals |
34 | Legal, social, cultural and related associate professionals |
35 | Information and communications technicians |
4 | Clerical support workers |
41 | General and keyboard clerks |
42 | Customer services clerks |
43 | Numerical and material recording clerks |
44 | Other clerical support workers |
5 | Service and sales workers |
51 | Personal service workers |
52 | Sales workers |
53 | Personal care workers |
54 | Protective services workers |
6 | Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers |
61 | Market-oriented skilled agricultural workers |
62 | Market-oriented skilled forestry, fishery and hunting workers |
63 | Subsistence farmers, fishers, hunters and gatherers |
7 | Craft and related trades workers |
71 | Building and related trades workers, excluding electricians |
72 | Metal, machinery and related trades workers |
73 | Handicraft and printing workers |
74 | Electrical and electronic trades workers |
75 | Food processing, wood working, garment and other craft and related trades workers |
Code | Heading |
8 | Plant and machine operators, and assemblers |
81 | Stationary plant and machine operators |
82 | Assemblers |
83 | Drivers and mobile plant operators |
9 | Elementary occupations |
91 | Cleaners and helpers |
92 | Agricultural, forestry and fishery labourers |
93 | Labourers in mining, construction, manufacturing and transport |
94 | Food preparation assistants |
95 | Street and related sales and service workers |
96 | Refuse workers and other elementary workers |
0 | Armed forces occupations |
01 | Commissioned armed forces officers |
02 | Non-commissioned armed forces officers |
3 | Armed forces occupations, other ranks |
From 2012 onwards, data on occupations are published according to the Classification of Occupations 2010. Data are not comparable with earlier data based on the Classification of Occupations 2001. Further information http://www.stat.fi/meta/luokitukset/ammatti/001-2010/index_en.html .
7.4 Levels of education
Classification of Education 2011, levels of education
Code | Heading |
0 | Pre-primary education Usually provided by children's day care centres or comprehensive schools to children aged between 3 and 6. At least one member of day care centre staff per group must have a teacher's qualification. |
1 | Primary educatio n Completion of the primary school (kansakoulu). Grades 1 to 6 of the comprehensive school. |
2 | Lower secondary
education Completion of the middle school (keskikoulu). Grades 7 to 9 and the voluntary 10th grade of the comprehensive school (peruskoulu). |
3 | Upper secondary level
education Upper secondary level education comprises matriculation examination, vocational qualifications attained in 2 to 3 years, further vocational qualifications and specialist vocational qualifications. Matriculation examination gives general eligibility for tertiary education. Upper secondary vocational education gives a vocational competence and the opportunity to pursue further studies in polytechnics and, subject to certain conditions, in universities. |
5 | Lowest level tertiary
education Lowest level tertiary education comprises vocational college education with a duration of 2 to 3 years after upper secondary education. Examples of vocational college qualifications include Technician Engineer (teknikko), Diploma in Business and Administration (merkonomi) and Diploma in Nursing (sairaanhoitaja). |
6 | Lower-degree level tertiary
education Lower-degree level tertiary education comprises, among others, polytechnic degrees and lower university degrees, as well as engineering and sea captain's qualifications, for example. The duration of polytechnic education is 3.5 to 4.5 years. The duration for the attainment of a lower university degree (bachelor level) is 3 to 4 years. |
7 | Higher-degree level tertiary
education Higher-degree level tertiary education comprises higher university degrees (Master level), specialist's degrees in medicine and polytechnic Master’s degrees. The duration for the attainment of a higher university degree (Master level) is 5 to 6 years and for polytechnic Master’s degree requiring additional work experience 1 to 1.5 years. |
8 | Doctorate or equivalent level
tertiary education Comprises post higher-degree level academic degrees of licentiate and doctorate (scientific post-graduate degrees). |
9 | Level of education unknown |
Source: Labour Force Survey 2015. Statistics Finland
Inquiries: Joanna Viinikka 029 551 3796, Arto Miettinen 029 551 2963, tyovoimatutkimus@stat.fi
Director in charge: Jari Tarkoma
Updated 12.4.2016
Official Statistics of Finland (OSF):
Labour force survey [e-publication].
ISSN=1798-7857. Employment and unemployment 2015,
7 Classifications
. Helsinki: Statistics Finland [referred: 17.8.2024].
Access method: http://www.stat.fi/til/tyti/2015/13/tyti_2015_13_2016-04-12_kat_007_en.html